Psychological Disorder Analysis Essay

Marla is a 42 year old Hispanic female accountant, that has complaints of trouble sleeping, feeling jumpy all the time, and unable to concentrate. With these symptoms it is causing her issues at work. There are several disorders that Marla could be suffering from but, it seems to be that one stands out from the rest. Post-Traumatic Disorder also known as PTSD, this is caused when a person experiences something traumatic such as a violent crime against them, a car accident, active military combat duty, the loss of a loved one, etc. Marla sat in my office nervous and unsure as if she was even in the right place. I asked her if she was okay and what brought her to see me. Marla told me of her symptoms and said she was unsure if she should even be here. I asked her if she has been to a family doctor to discuss her problems that she was having and she assured me that she had and came out with a clean bill of health. He doctor suggested to come see me and talked about what she was feeling and going through. With this and much reassurance from me telling her she did the right thing. I proceeded to ask her the following questions: Marla, what would you like to accomplish by being here? â€Å"I want to be able to feel normal again and to feel like myself again.† I think that is something that we can do with and I would like to ask you a little bit more about what you are feeling and maybe why you are feeling the way you do. Marla agrees. When did you start to notice the symptoms you are experiencing? â€Å"I started to really notice it about a month ago, my boss and some co-workers started to question me where I was not performing at my normal standards and coming into work late from not getting any sleep.† Is there any family history of depression, anxiety, or any mental illness? â€Å"Not that I am aware of†¦. As far as I know none of my family has ever had any issues mentally or been mentally ill.† She seemed kind of curios as to why I would ask such a thing, I ensured her that I am only asking to better help her and understand more ab out what she may be going through. Have there been any changes in your life recently? Good or bad? â€Å"Not that I can  think of.† Have you been a victim of a crime or served in the military on active duty before? â€Å"I have never been in the military or been the victim of a crime.† Have you had anything happen to you or somebody close to you? No, but I was a witness to a women walking in the parking lot with her husband and got hit by a car about six months ago.† Really, tell me more Marla. Well I was walking into work and an older women and her husband where walking hand in hand when a car driven by an elderly couple seemed to gain speed and struck the women where she rolled over the top of the car and landed several yards away from where she was. The elderly couple that was driving hit a pole which stopped their car. The driver had a heart attack and the passenger was hurt pretty bad but did not seem to be critical. When the ambulance and police showed up they called for a helicopter to take the women to the hospital that was struck, she was none responsive and just laid there twitching. There was blood everywhere and seemed to be pooling from the back of her head. I stayed there with the lady and tried to calm her husband that seemed lost and unsure of what to do. I was able to call his adult children to come to his aid and inform them of what happen. The EMT’s lifted her from the ground and laying there on the ground was a lock of her hair that was attached to part of her skull. They air lifted the women to a trauma center but died before they made it there. The couple in the car also passed away from injuries from the accident as well. I will never forget the look on the husbands face as he stood there helpless crying for his wife and pleading for them to help her. Well Marla I would say that could be pretty traumatic to see, have you talked to anybody about this? Not until now†¦ I did not think I would need to. Have you had any thoughts about this lately or think about it at all? Sometimes I do, I still cannot walk where she was lying on the ground I still see her laying there in my mind and them lifting her up with the piece of skull and hair laying there. I guess I was okay until I saw that. Marla I would have to say that you are suffering from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. What is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder? Why would I now be having or suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder now 5 months later? PTSD is not always an instant onset of symptoms. It can come out days, months, or ever years later. Let’s talk more about this PTSD so you better understand it. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder can occur in some individuals who have been exposed to a life threatening situation, or a situation which they have been witness in which another person is exposed to danger. The onset of symptoms with PTSD do not always happen immediately following the traumatic event, therefore the association between the symptoms and the initial event is often overlooked. A person with PTSD will be hyper-vigilant, and can react to an unsettling situation with physiological symptoms such as upset stomach, headache, or dizziness. People with PTSD can also suffer from depression or panic disorder, although this is not always the case. Avoiding stimuli which can trigger an anxious reaction is normal for the PTSD sufferer, and many become withdrawn from social interaction with friends and family members. Some may also have problems continuing an intimate relationship, and angry outbursts for no particular reason can cause problems with interpersonal relationships, as well as jeopardizing one’s employment. Treatment for PTSD can be relatively straight forward, although not always easy for the patient to endure. Being taught how to effectively relax is paramount, and once this goal has been achieved, the process of systematic desensitization can gradually take place. The desensitization process involves confronting the stimuli which cause the patient to have an anxious episode. Oftentimes, the stimuli from a particular location and for some it may be a certain situation which serves as an unconscious reminder of the traumatic event. The more a person is subjected to the offending location or situation, the less intense the fear becomes. This is achieved by implementing the relaxation strategies at the same time the stimuli are presented. The association between the relaxed state and the stimuli will eventually be achieved, disarming the stimuli and giving control back to the patient. In this situation Marla needs to see that there was nothing she could do. Being made aware of maladaptive responses to stimuli, patients are better able to identify which anxieties are due to the normal course of life, and which are patterns of irrational thinking related to their disorder.  According to DSM-IV, PTSD can occur at any age, to either gender, and the onset of symptoms can be delayed by months or even years (DSM-IV, 1994, p.426). According to Cognitive-Behavioral theorists, learned behaviors from conditioning can produce unsavory responses; both physically and psychologically. Unfortunately for the patient, these responses can occur whether it is their intent to react in such a way or not. In Marla’s case, the association with the accident she witnessed affected her life and her psychological and physiological having to walk by the certain spot where the accident took place as well as not speaking to or letting out how she felt or was feeling. Learned behaviors can be unlearned, just as new and more effective behaviors can be adopted. Marla, was correct in coming to talk to physiologist as to let out her feelings that she had pent up inside and to release the emotions that she had not expressed before now. Marla’s hyper vigilance and feelings of anxiousness can be alleviated and bought under control with practice, relaxation such as yoga, breathing technics, praying finding a solace in religion, keeping a diary of how she is feeling, and/or frequent exposure to the offending stimuli knowing that things do happen for a reason and there is nothing we can do to stop it, and in conjunction with Cognitive-Behavioral therapy, she may also benefit by taking an antidepressant (SSRI) such as Prozac, Zoloft or Paxil. This situation that I put in place for Marla is one that I actually experienced myself while I was at work and still to this day have flash backs of that day when I witnessed it and was placed in charge of handling the situation. It is not something I would ever want to see again or want to experience over. I did how ever take her death to heart and realized that my life had more meaning to it than what I was doing and decided to come back to school to earn my degree so I can help others and feel I make a difference to people. I will not let her death or the couple that died that was driving the car be in vein. I took this as a sign that I cannot waste my life doing something that does not make me happy, life is too short. Reference American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 1994. Faces of Abnormal Psychology, 2007. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Treatment Strategy. Retrieved July 4, 2009, from http://www.mhhe.com/socscience/psychology/faces

Organizational Behavior Essay

There are basically 2 types of organizational structures commonly found in every organization. Namely these two are the vertical organization or the horizontal organization. (Deal, Kennedy, Deal & Kennedy, 2000). I myself have worked in both scenarios and personally favor the horizontal approach as the proposition for success is to work in teams, and cross functional teams. If a company follows a vertical approach then supervision of work becomes a much more difficult task and communication gaps arise which have been termed as the major component of project and process failures. In a horizontal organization hierarchal levels are divided in such a way that management of work becomes easier and people of different departments can share their expertise and knowledge when working together. An organization’s bottom line consists of 2 aspects, which are sales and costs. It is the major objective of any organization to maximize its sales and decrease its costs to the minimum in order to extract maximum revenues and hence increase profits and growth (Belker & Topchik,2005). Costs can be reduced when a horizontal structure is being followed as the number of channels through which information flows till it reaches its destination is reduced but opposite is in the case of a vertical approach where any information needs to cross through many channels before it reaches its destination. his results in the altering of the original message which negatively affects business plus due to the number of channels costs also increase (Porter, 1998). In the same way cross functional teams in a horizontal approach can lead to better and efficient performance as each member of the team is representing his or her department and wants to prove his or her abilities, hence this results in more efficient business processes (Singer, 2004). On the other hand a vertical approach makes it difficult for the company to work because no department is ready to share his or her data with other departments and it is difficult to manage the circulation of information throughout the organization, which results in slow business processes and inefficiency.

Critically assess the relevance of self-esteem to achieve a Essay

Critically assess the relevance of self-esteem to achieve a consistently high performance in sport - Essay Example While this may seem easy for some, for most it is a matter of time and practice. Gaining sufficient self-esteem or self confidence normally takes months or years to develop; and this is in general compounded by achievements and fame that separates an individual from his contemporaries or peers. Although some might say that destiny or fate has something to do with having self-esteem, the actual truth is that athletes who excel in their chosen skills have a very supportive group in the person of their respective coaches and family (parents). In relation to the universal theory, self-esteem is likewise perceived from the expectancy value theory that best describes motivation or stimulus as the main result of a person’s personal principle about his or her actions and the importance they place on the consequence of such actions (Pajares, 1996). To make it simpler, the expectancy value theory regarding self-esteem is that an individual performs an action because he or she has a reas on for doing this. As such the result or outcome of the actions which an individual does is anticipated by the doer making it quite valuable and desirable. Hence the drive or motivation is a factor considered by most as the core behind why particular actions or deeds are sometime carried out. In connection to sports, athletes do their best to constantly perform to perfection or always aim to win in a game. The reason or core behind such motivation is that they will eventually achieve self-esteem by being proud of their performance since everybody who has seen them win their game or achieve a high score will praise them, making them adequately confident that they will win the next game again against their rivals or opponents. In most cases, having experiences in sports generally boosts self-esteem. These experiences often have an impact on the psychological and emotional aspects of athletes since sports does not only mean playing the game, but having social interactions with coaches, teammates, sport officials and parents (Health Promotion, 2008). Hence, self-esteem in addition to its theoretical definition is generally defined as the feeling of having self-respect and confidence. Undeniably, when one feels good about himself or herself, he or she is able to perform well and cope up with the stresses of having to win or lose after a game. Being able to deal with winning or losing in sports can have the positive effects: 1) reduced anxiety, 2) an optimistic perception of life, 3) deal with societal pressures, 4) avoid engaging in drugs, and 5) have lesser interpersonal dilemmas (Health Promotion, 2008). However, athletes or children active in sports who possess a pessimistic or negative self-esteem will usually end up engaging in drugs, have eating disorders, are bullied socially and are often depressed (Health Promotion, 2008). The coaches and parents as mentioned earlier play a vital role in the lives of individuals (children or young athletes) who are regular ly engage in sport activities. These people can help improve sports performance since they provide support and encouragement for the development of a skill and help build a positive social perception. A coach-athlete relationship requires shared respect that will aid in the development

Organisational Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Organisational Managment - Essay Example This paper approves that in the present times, organizations are doing their utmost in order to know more and more about their valued customers and stakeholders. For this, they have devised certain strategies which are in line with the values that their business has set for itself. These values are thus deeply intrinsic within the mission and vision statements of the company. In order to gain further knowledge about the customers, research is being given proper emphasis which would eventually discern the exact basis for the customers to come and make that vital purchase. It is a fact that the business world of present times can have a lot of improvement within their ranks if they adopt the policy of working towards the establishment of a performance management system. This would guarantee them a lot of success as their employees and workers would dedicate their whole hearted efforts towards the well being of the company as well as towards their own individual capacities. This essay makes a conclusion that the usefulness of its resources can only be harnessed when there is a decent enough endeavor to understand the dynamics of the market, the overall industry and more than anything else, the stakeholders who have invested huge sums of money within the realms of the organization and last but not the least the customers themselves for which the company strives to run a business in the first place and without whom the organization will not even be what it is in current state. With attention paid on getting things done in the textbook manner, the organizational gurus must ensure that learning is being used upon with case studies and recent examples to document their efforts.

European Corn Borer Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

European Corn Borer - Assignment Example BT456 and Golden Crop experienced similar drops with the low and high infestations (BT456- 5%/16% & Golden Crop-7%/26% approximately). Meanwhile, BT123 appeared to be the most resistant crop to either infestation of the European corn borer. It exhibited a yield of more than 1% greater during the low infestation and dropped a mere 2% in the high infestation phase. A farmer would gain by planting BT corn even if there was no particular threat of the European corn borer to the crop. The average yield of the Super H (Non-BT) crop was 163.4, barely out-producing BT123 which had an average yield of 163. Therefore, if a farmer chose either BT456 or Golden Crop he would out-produce the Super H (Non-BT) crop on average yields, with 186 and 184.7 respectively. If the Bacillus Thuringiensis bacterium in the corn affected non-target beneficial insects it would act as a disadvantage to the livelihood of the crop removing insects that have positive effects on the crop's yield. Alternatively, it would prove advantageous if the bacterium could also remove harmful insects in addition to the European corn borer for which it was designed, thereby increasing the livelihood of the crop and the yield. ... Regardless, it has been determined that the protein in BT-corn is very selective and only acts as an insecticide for those insects unsafe to the corn crop, having no effects on the environment, people, animals, or beneficial insects (Bessin, 2004). 4.) What might happen if ECB became resistant to BT If the European corn borer were to become resistant to the bacterium-generated corn it would result in more damage for the farmer's crop yield. If the ECB become resistant, then they will produce larvae that are, in turn, defiant against the BT corn. According to Ric Bessin the Extension Entomologist at the University Of Kentucky College of Agriculture, the best way for farmers to prevent ECB resistance is providing higher doses of the bacterium necessary to kill the ECB and limiting the amounts of BT corn they produce, allowing some non-BT corn remaining as a refuge to the corn borers (2004). 5.) Discuss possible benefits and drawbacks of a transgenic organism such as BT Corn Some benefits posed upon using BT corn include pricing, whether the pressure exuded by the corn borers on the crop is great enough to pay extra for the bacterium-generated corn. In addition, since the bacterium is within the organism there is no need for the equipment and application necessary for regular insecticides; also, the selectivity of the protein rids the crop of other potential dangerous insects while ineffectual to neutral and favorable organisms. Some drawbacks of using the BT corn include cost, which can be an advantage and disadvantage; the possibility of cross-pollination among BT corn and non-BT corn due to the fact that it depends on the wind to pollinate; and the management plan that must be incorporated in

The Hidden Curriculum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Hidden Curriculum - Essay Example The Hidden curriculum will overlap with other types of curriculum, however, that will be the primary focus of this paper. (Hidden Curriculum of Online Learning 2000) quotes Foshay and describes this as the transcendent aspect of learning: "the experience of transcendence, or the sense of one's self as part of a vastly larger whole." The subjects listed in a stated curriculum are not necessarily what students learn in the classroom. What is meant to be taught and what is actually learned are many times two different things. This is called "the hidden curriculum". school with the stated curriculum or the subjects they studied. This curriculum is public and the often the subject of heated debate. Although it is not publicly stated and rarely debated, schools also have a hidden curriculum. This hidden curriculum is composed of the basic attitudes and abilities valued by society. When society changes, both the curriculum and the hidden curriculum of schools also change. Because of changes wrought by information technology, society is currently in the middle of a paradigm shift from the Industrial Age to the Information Age. This paradigm shift has direct consequences for both the curriculum and the hidden curriculum of schools. ... In the Industrial Age, the curriculum was composed of the three Rs (i.e., reading, 'riting, and 'rithmetic) and the various core subjects (English, science, math, social studies, fine arts, physical education, and so on). Schools in the 20th century also had a hidden curriculum which taught the values that 20th century industry desired the workforce to possess -- attitudes and abilities like trainability, obedience, The Hidden Curriculum 4 punctuality, dependability, and loyalty. These are the characteristics that industrial factories were looking for in graduates of 20th century schools and these characteristics often determined an individual's success in both the school and the workplace. Back in days of old the basic curriculum consisted of reading, writing, and arithmetic. Now in the year 2006 you can add computer literacy, Internet savvy, and knowledge of multiple communications devices. The unhidden curriculum is the subjects and classes that are listed in the school syllabus, or schedule. It is the education that teachers desire or transfer of knowledge to their students. It is usually the subjects that parents and students intend or believe will be their primary focus. In this century most of what is considered to be the hidden curriculum revolves around student behavioral patterns, daily routines, and the various teaching methods or expectations of the individual teacher. With or without intentions, a teacher can become more like a dictator and controlling instead of a good role model who teaches. Today the process of learning is not usually one where the The Hidden Curriculum 5 teacher rules or oversees but the students and instructor work collaboratively in the education

New ideas of 15 groups of people in retailing Essay

New ideas of 15 groups of people in retailing - Essay Example Notably, improving the store policies will enhance effectiveness, cohesion, and utilization of the available space and resources in the retail. The proposed ideas are effective, essential, and yields positive results within a short time. We should try our best to invite past customers to come back to shop. We can achieve this by addressing their queries and establishing constant communication with them for purposes of understanding their views on our retailing and store keeping. We can also get the past customers back to our retail by sending surveys with rewards to them. This will include short phone surveys that will derive important information on customers’ views, likes, and dislikes about the store and products with an aim of increasing the efficiency of the store. As an enticement, we can offer them cash rewards for any goods they buy from the store. This will encourage past customers to present their grievances and offer the management an opportunity to offer remedies for bad experiences with an aim of preventing target customers from such experiences. Ideally, this strategy has been effective in many organizations and departments since it enhances efficient customer service, address to customers’ feedback, and enable the store to meet the customers’ needs. Past customers will pass the effectiveness to target customers. Present customers define the growth, turnover, market position, competitiveness, and success of the retail. As such, the store must strive to address and satisfy their needs by making their shopping experience enjoyable and reducing complaints and unpleasant experiences. In maintaining the present customers, we should make an urban outfitters loyalty program. Many stores have membership card. Urban outfitters store does not. We should encourage them to subscribe to the membership of our store by

Taking a Lesson From A River Runs Through It Essay

Taking a Lesson From A River Runs Through It - Essay Example He became a professor in Chicago, married his first love and lived a more serious life while his younger brother chose to stay in his hometown in Montana. He loved the provincial life that included fly fishing, his favorite pastime. However, he was also quite indulged in gambling, drinking and the dangers such vices are attached with. He had a lot of friends but he also gained enemies who in the end cut his life short. The story practically presents how the two boys were raised as sons of a Presbyterian preacher and how they were taught to catch fish. The summer that the older sibling, Norman, went home from college took most of the period of the narration where it was revealed that the younger brother, Paul, died. Norman and Paul’s story reflects a lot of religious lessons lived by the characters of the story. One can see how they have been raised, being taught every time the father gets a chance to give them a lesson such as reverence to nature, applying balance in how he do es things, showing them love and acceptance despite themselves and finally learn how things are connected to each other. From the beginning of the story, it has been evident that as a minister, the father has taken it as his obligation to become a teacher first and foremost in his own family. He spent much time not only in taking care of his flock but especially in taking care of his children. In fact, he personally taught Norman how to read and write as well as fish. He was a conversationalist who resorted to intellectual conversations in disciplining his children instead of getting angry at the wrongs of his children. He applied what God told Moses when they were in the wilderness, instructing them to teach their children in the way they should go, teaching them when they are walking, sitting or lying down. In relation to the manners of the reverend Maclean’s teaching, he made use of time and nature to his children’s education. As he reverenced the time given to him, he managed his activities well so that he was able to have enough time as a husband, a father and a minister all at once. When he performs his duties as a father and teacher to his children, Maclean teaches them about secular matters such as fly catching and allows them to make a connection to Biblical characters such as the disciples who were fishermen. He used the rich Montana nature to connect with God. For instance, when hey were young, the minister walked with his boys and told them a story about stones, mentioning that inside the stones, there are words. Then, he encouraged them to listen to the stones and water in the river. It may have not been implied in the narration but such teaching was a reflection of the natural pantheistic view of revering nature. As a result, in their fishing, the boys were taught to be in tune with the river and the fishes. Although Norman was not able to learn it, he saw how his brother found his own way of communicating with nature. In the movie, there was a scene wherein Paul was able to catch a big fish in an extraordinary manner, a manner of his own. When he brought the fish to his father and brother, he was congratulated and appreciated for his perfect job, being able to swim with the fish so he can catch it. In response, he said that he only needed three more years to think like a fish. This shows an example of the religion of nature, wherein one should synchronize his actions with nature in order to have a peaceful relationship with it. The reverend Maclean showed such character in training his children and it was compounded by his sense of reason. This was evident even during the two boys’

Waiting for gusfman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Waiting for gusfman - Essay Example The form of the ‘mockumentary’ not only allows for this type of satire, but it also creates a satire of the form of the documentary as well. The film Waiting for Guffman provides for a look at the idea of community as seen through the social interactions that are required to develop an event that celebrates the uniqueness of the community, while that uniqueness is revealed for its absurdity. Waiting for Guffman (1996) is a film in which the genre of the ‘mockumentary’ as developed by Rob Reiner through the innovative and classic film This is Spinal Tap (1986) is used to satirize a cultural event. Christopher Guest, who co-wrote and starred in Reiner’s film, creates the work Waiting for Guffman as a way of examining the concept of the a local theater group as they attempt to put on a production as a way of celebrating the town’s sesquicentennial. Guffman refers to a man named Mort Guffman who is reported to be Broadway talent scout who will be attending the event. The production is based on the history of the town which has parallel details of the type that might be found in many small towns, crossing the line to the absurd as the town is proclaimed to be ‘The Stool Capital of the World’. Christopher Guest plays the character Corky St. Clair whose visions are often beyond the capacity of his small theater to achieve. The film utilizes the suspension of natural laws through explorations of the absurd as they relate to the truths of many small towns across America. As Guest’s character presents himself as an over the top and flamboyant theater director, he embraces the idea of homosexuality within a small town atmosphere as being represented by extravagance and eccentricity. Through a stereotypical portrayal, he comments on the avant guarde as it is explored in less than sophisticated surroundings, missing the mark and flying wide into an absurdity of his

Employment trends affect Gail Hunter and Selsdon Park hotels Essay Example for Free

Employment trends affect Gail Hunter and Selsdon Park hotels Essay Identify and describe external and internal influences that affect human resources planning. In your discussion relate how each factor might affect human resources within your chosen organisation. Selsdon Park Hotel Introduction: The role of a HR manager is to recruit and train new employees into a business. The business that I am looking at is Selsdon Park Hotel. One of the main roles of the hr management is to employ people into the company. This is called induction training. External influences: external influences are things that affect the human resource manager every day but things that are out of the human resource managers control. So all this external influences affect the human resource manager which affects the hr planning Economic Climate: At Selsdon Park Hotel the economic climate will change due to many external factors that may affect the company. This may include government laws coming into play, weather and many other natural factors. Also within many businesses there is a changing money climate will also affect the running of the businesses, the changing money climate would affect the job of Selsdon Park Hotel Resource manager. The changing money climate would affect the HR managers job because of many factors, this include interest rates and training new staff. This could lead to the hotel not having the correct staffing and then the slower running of the business. The stock market could play a part in this. For example in a poor economy many customers would have less disposable income. Selsdon Park Hotel with the lost of many of its customer would be making less profit which would lead to reducing non-essential staff. High and low interest rates would also have an effect on the economic climate which would infl uence the human resource planning. With higher interest rates people would have less disposable income and vice versa. Consumer Trends: Money within any business would depend on the selling of rooms at Selsdon Park Hotel. There are many factors which affect the consumer trends. This includes the amount of leisure time they customers have. Often in many the companies the higher your role in that organisation the less leisure time you have. Many companies do tend to aim a lot of there higher priced holidays at people with larger disable incomes which include senior managers etc. Also with the introduction of the internet the selling of holidays has increased greatly. Instead of people waiting around for hours in travel agencies, it is easier and less hassle to log onto the internet and choose your holidays online. Also you get the best deals on the internet. With the travel agents, they do tend to try and sell you the most expensive holidays but online you can get some great flight deals with Ryan air. This affects the job of the human resource manager because the manager must adjust and adapt to the trends of the consumer. And to adapt to the liking of the consumer the Human Resource manager must make sure that the employees within the business are up to date with new procedures implimented by HR. Employment trends Employment trends affect Gail Hunter and Selsdon Park hotels HR department greatly. Many people go for jobs which are seen as popular at the time. For example many students other the summer holidays like to have holiday rep jobs in Europe or would try to find jobs in hotels doing the summer also. This could affect the staff planning of Hail Hunter because there is a lot of competition in the area for hotel staff. These include Croydon Park hotel, Jurys Inn and the Hilton hotel .Selsdon Park Hotel would have to make sure that there positions at waiters look more desirable through there advertisement and job description through the recruitment department. State of the industry: The state of the travel and tourism industry affects the job of the Human Resource Manager a lot. This is because if a new resort or destination becomes available for customers to visit the HR manager would have to train thier staff to so they can market the destination to the customers. Also with new technologies the HR manager would have a larger budget and then would be able to employ a larger work force or give out incentives to current employees Skill shortages: As in many companies there may be a shortage in the skills needed to do a specific job. This may be because the company may not be able to find a suitable applicant and may have to put someone else with similar or not the desired skills in there place. Taking this action may lead to slow running of the company and stress being put on the staff below and on the level of these staff members. At Selsdon Park you have to get through specific process to become an employee in the business. Gail Hunter who is Selsdon Park hotels Personnel Manager or Human Resource Manager would have to select applicants and short list them down to the top 50. There are many skills needed. For example to become a Selsdon Park Hotel waiter you must have obtained the following skills first: Ideally you would need to have at least two years experience within this role, preferably within the hotel environment or quality restaurants. You must be a team player with good supervisory skills to enable you to assist in the day to day running of the kitchen and to ensure that a first class service is provided to our guests. You will be required to cook to a minimum AA one rosette standard. The hotel has a busy restaurant, extensive banqueting and a successful pub operation . There are a number of requirement that u need to become a member of Selsdon Park hotels staff. These are as follows * Experienced in a customer services environment comfortable in a selling role * Physically fit with a good attendance record in your current position * Hard working, flexible willing to operate on a shift roster * Over 18 years of age * Of normal vision (contact lenses acceptable) * Able to swim well * In possession of a valid EU passport * Fluent in English (both written and spoken) * Ideally possessing knowledge of a second European language * Prepared to work unsociable hours, any day of the year, at any time including weekends * Ready to meet the challenge of dealing with people and demanding situations * Friendly and outgoing with a lively personality As you can see from the skills required Selsdon Park hotel ask a lot from people who want to join there team. As the Human resource manager, you would have to go applications and cvs to try and find the best persons for the job who fit the criteria needed. With many applicants who do not have the skills required but who are accept on the job through a interviewing basis may need extra training, and may have to go on training courses. This would take a slice out of Gail hunters Selsdon Park hotels Human Resource managers budget. Location issue: The locations of Selsdon Park hotel may be a problem for the human resource planning for the hotel. This is because of the accessibility of the skilled staff the company needs to the airports are poor. This is when the human resource manager would have to decide carefully the most skilled staff they need for the hotel and how much out of the budget they would have to get. Also with people who live an extremely long way from the hotel there are living quarters on site which they could use. Competition for employees: When looking for specific employees needed to do a job in Selsdon Park hotel there may be external competition from other companies to employ this person also. For examples if there is a shortage of waiters companies within Croydon may all try to compete for the same person. These hotels include Croydon Park hotel and juries inn. Each of these hotels will advertise them selves in such away and would try to make them seem better to work at then the other one. They would try and sell there business to the potential employee. They would mainly do this through advertisement. Selsdon Park also has a website http://www.principal-hotels.com/hotels.asp?hotelid=2pageid=12 which explains jobs available and the pros and benefits of the job. Weather: Natural factors like the weather can also play a big part in the decisions of a HR manager. If the weathers get very serve and spoils the activates they have planned for the day outside it is up to the HR manager Laws: Also there are many laws which affect the role of the Human resource manager. These include laws and regulations that the manager has to go by. When selecting and employing people into the business the HR manager at Selsdon park hotel has to look go by the following laws. This are: 1 Equal opportunities law 2 Race relation act 3 Sex Discrimination act 4 Equal pay act Each of these acts must be follow by law and if these acts are not followed it could lead to an industrial tribunal. This laws and acts are in place to help the HR manager at Selsdon Park hotel not hinder them. If all this laws are followed correctly the HR manager would select the best person for the position applied regardless of race or sex. Internal Factors: Staff Turn Over: Within an organisation there is a number of staff they employ. In many companies like Selsdon Park Hotel they try to limit the amount of staff turn over. This is because of the costs that the company would be paying out in redundancies to the employed affected if Selsdon Park hotel does not have a valid reason. Staff turn over is a term used by a business to describe the coming and leaving of people within the company. The higher the staff turn over the more the business would suffer because the coming and leaving of people would use up resources needed by the HR manager and would also affect the businesses productivity Responding to consumer trends in terms of products and services: It is also the job of the human resource manager to respond and cater to the consumer trends in the products and services of a company. In Ryan air they would analysis the best selling product and also see why the other flight packages are not selling. They would look at there flight prices and compare them against other short haul flight providers in Europe. Staff Turner Over, Career Moves: Staff turn over is to do with the number of staff leaving and joining a company. It is the job of Selsdon park hotels human resource manager Gail Hunter to make sure they have the lowest amounts of staff turner over. This affects the human resource manager because it is his job to employ people to work in the company who have the right skills needed to perform the job correctly. Any human resource manager with a large amount of staff leaving and coming into the business would have a lot of work on there hands. This would be because they would have to go through job interviews and selection processes. Doing all this would take up a lot of the managers time so it is the human resources mangers job to make sure everyone in the company is well catered too, and are also satisfied with there job. Sickness rates and Absenteeism: Human resource managers have to monitor the sickness and absenteeism in the company to make sure no one is taking to much time off and also whether to give out sickness pay which if a lot of people are off at one time would take a large slice out of the HR budget. Organisational structures, staff roles and responsibilities: It is the job of Gail Hunter to monitor the organisational structures and staff roles in Selsdon Park hotel. The organisational structure is the structure that controls a company and dictates who you report to and who reports to you. A group of people for example cabin crew are control and overseen by a team leader which in turn reports to customer relations manager. This hierarchy is critical in the business so that all the employees know there jobs and rolls. Laws: There are lot of laws which Selsdon Park Hotel must follow to make sure of the smooth running of the business. Because Selsdon Park hotel is also a restaurant and serves food they must follow the food safety Act 1990. This act requires that owners and operators of food businesses take all reasonable precautions and exercise due diligence to ensure that they comply in every respect with current food legislation. Another thing which is tied to the food laws is personnel hygiene which when handling food must be very good with long hair tied back and also hats worn when preparing food. Source: Principal Hotels employee handbook Age of Employees: Also the age is a main factor which companies have to be aware of. They cant employ anyone under the age of 16 by law or the company could be prosecuted. Also many companies try not to employ women of a certain age. This is usually 20-30. Companies should not do this but they do because women at these ages are more likely to have children. So if a company employs a large amount of women at this age they would have to pay out maternity leave if they have children within this time. Training Organisation: It is the responsibility of Gail Hunter the Director of Human Resources at Selsdon Park Hotel to make sure all her staffs are trained well. The organisation must make sure the new employee in training noses about hazards and risks within the workplace. It would be the job of the training person to tell the trainee the hazards and risks within the workplace and also to deal with them. These hazards may include: 1 Torn or ripped carpets 2 Broken furniture 3 Overloaded sockets 4 Loose flexes 5 Trailing cables 6 Overloaded tables/shelving 7 Spillages 8 Broken Glass 9 Rubbish accumulating Most of these hazards seem simple and straight forward but when entering a new workplace the simple list of tasks may seem daunting .Another thing they will teach the new employee would be risk assessments. Risk assessments are where hazards are identified and the risk is identified from this hazards. The new employee is also told where the first aid boxes are so that if an accident does happen they can quickly deal with it. In Selsdon Park Hotel the first add boxes are situated: 1 Housekeeping department 2 Kitchen 3 Reception 4 Room Service 5 HR 6 Greens department 7 The Restaurant 8 Conference and Banqueting Vale try Source: Principal Hotels employee handbook The HR and staff are very important to the business. This is because the HR department manage the staff to make sure they are proforming well and that their needs are catered to. It is also the job of the HR department to make sure that all the employees are up to date with all the new legislation and laws implemented to company. Also HR has to make sure that all the employees are trained well. This is so important because when in the eye of the customer the employee has to know what they are doing when taking down bookings and other such things. The lack of training could lead to the company loseing large amounts of money and also customers who would look for other organisations. If all staff are trained well and know what they are doing the performance of company is going to be better, and also the employees will feel more confident when dealing with customer service and company situations.

Hybrid Electric Energy Integrated Cluster

Hybrid Electric Energy Integrated Cluster Project Acronym: HELENIC-REF Project Title: Hybrid Electric Energy Integrated Cluster concerning Renewable Fuels This project has been funded by the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. The information in this document reflects only the authors views, not the opinion of the European Union. Neither the REA nor the European Commission are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. The deliverable describes the data that will be obtained for HELENIC-REF, the procedure for obtaining, managing, storing these data. An explanation of naming, version controlling and preserving the data will be given, along with the procedure of sharing the data per the participation of the project in Open Research Data Pilot. HELENIC-REF (Hybrid Electric Energy Integrated Cluster concerning Renewable Fuels) project refers to the establishment of a new sustainable methodology of production of energy or fuels. HELENIC-REF is participating on the Open Research Data Pilots which a pilot action in H2020 on open access to research data. The foresight for the Data Management Plan is dictated by the three main objectives of the HELENI C-REF project: The reduction method based on the Lorenz electron forces The production of hydrogen using magnetite catalyst The production of hydrocarbons based on the production of hydrogen and the Lorenz electrons The following plan describes the data that will generated in connection of these objectives in the research project. It speaks about the methods of collection, the way they will be shared and how they will be stored, backup and preserved. The data that will be produced in the project can be divided in three wide categories, computer software, research data and metadata, and manuscripts and dissemination material. 3.1 Computer Software HELENIC-REF will produce software for measurement and instrumentation and modelling. The source code will be stored and shared among the partners in ZIP archives, which in the most common format for this purpose. Source code will have standard programming language format either in .m or .vi depending for the program in which was created. 3.2 Research data and metadata This category refers to the data that will be collected from the different experiments that will be carried in the project from each partner. The data will be stored in standard format of .txt, .csv to be accessible easily from any type of software for further processing of evaluation. The main categories of the research data that will be produced in the project cover the following areas. Information on the catalyst Information on the developed experimental apparatus for the reduction process Information on the developed experimental apparatus for the hydrogen production Information on the developed reactor for the hydrocarbon production 3.2.1 Information on the catalyst. The data produced on the catalyst will refer mainly on the its structural characterization and will be produced with different methods described in Section 4. 3.2.2 Information on the developed experimental apparatus for the reduction process The reduction process will be based on Lorenz electron reactor operation. The data will be produced and collected from the measurement of this activity with the used of different measurement method such as chromatography, structural characterization etc. (More details in Section 4) 3.2.3 Information on the developed experimental apparatus for the hydrogen production This data will be produced by monitoring different parameters of the designed experimental apparatus, such as temperature, pressure, electro-magnetic conditions etc. 3.2.4 Information on the developed experimental apparatus for the hydrogen production The Hydrocarbon production will be made by either use the produced hydrogen or the Lorenz electrons. This procedure has different approaches and each will produce its own data sets 3.2.5 Information on the developed reactor for the hydrocarbon production These data will be produced by the process or the burning the accumulated hydrogen and oxygen. 3.3 Manuscripts Manuscripts refers to the all the documents produced during the project, deliverables, publications, internal documents. Microsoft WORD (.doc) will be used for the draft versions and both WORD and PDF formats will be used for the final ones. 3.4 Dissemination material HELENIC-REF will produce different types of dissemination materials, flyers, public presentations, videos, presenting the idea and the achievements of the project. For the flyer, the final format will be an image on .JPEG or bitmap .BMP. The presentations will be either in Microsoft PowerPoint format or PDF.ÂÂ   All the dissemination material will be shared in public only in PDF format or hardcopy. For the video widely used format will be used as AVI or MOV. 4.1 Creation and collection of the data In this section the methodology for the collection and the creation of each of the data category will be presented. 4.1.1 Computer Software The software produced in HELENIC-REF will be mainly to gather and process the data from the different types of sensors that the partners will use during the experimental procedure. National Instruments Suite will be used from all the partners for the data acquisition of some of the sensors and the commercial software of the devices for the gas analysis, flow meter etc. In addition, software code will be produced during the modeling procedure with the use of MATLAB. Its time a new version of code will be produced, will be released among the partners to update their versions if needed. 4.1.2 Research data and metadata Research data will be produced during the experimental procedure of the project and the further processing of these data. As previous said these data can be divided in the four main categories. The methods for the collection of the data in each category involve scientific equipment and sensors. The data produced on the catalyst will be made through measurements on: Electron microscopy X-ray diffraction FTIR Raman spectroscopy In addition, the resistivity of the catalyst will be monitored and data will be produced from its structural modelling. The methods to produce the datasets on the reduction process will be based on: On-line oxygen flow measurement using sensors and/or chromatography On-line resistivity monitoring On-line parametric control (Air flow, temperature, current, magnetic field) Periodic structural characterization Modeling of the reduction process The datasets for the Hydrogen and Hydrocarbon production, they will be obtained through measurements by both the operating conditions of the experiment: Temperature Pressure Water flow rate for steam generation Inlet inert flow rate (N2) Output gaseous flow rate Output gaseous flow rate (hydrogen and oxygen) And the electro-magnetic conditions: Current flow along the catalyst Magnetic field vertical to the current flow on the catalyst Resistivity on the catalyst 4.1.3 Manuscripts and dissemination material All the documentation of the project, deliverables, internal reports, material for dissemination will be produced by the Microsoft Office Suite 4.2 Naming, versioning and handling of the files. The structure of the archiving of the data will follow the WP and task organization. The parent folder will be named under the Work Package number and the children folders with the name of the task. The structure will be the same for the different type of data, research software, dissemination material. The structure of the folders can be seen in Figure 1. Figure 1: Structure of folder for Research Data archiving Research data from measurements will be accompanied by a log file naming who created the data or contributed, date and under what conditions they can be accessed. In addition, these datasets will be followed by detail documentation about the used methodology, the analytical and procedural information, if any assumption was made and the equipment used to obtain these (chromatograph, gas analyzer etc.). The naming of the files will be made accordingly to their content for easier identification. Especially for the data from measurement in the name of the file the generation date will be contained and a number indicating the repetition of the experiment that day filename_day_month_year_repetition for example if the date was 3 of March 2016 and it was the 10th time that the experiment for repeated then the name will be filename_03_03_2016_R10. For the rest of the files a version system will be used indicating the version of the file after the name filename_Vx. For the software where is needed for the versioning and revision tool like GIT (https://git-scm.com ) will be used. For manuscripts, the writer/owner of the document will be controlling the version of in the name of the file but also in the Document History table inside the document. Each partner that will contribute in the document will use track changes and change the name of the original by adding he/she initials to the filename. 4.3 Quality procedures The Consortium has specified quality procedures for the deliverables and internal documents and the dissemination material. Each document generated by any partner must be circulated at least 10 days before its deadline for submission. Also, the Coordinator will check the document against any issues of plagiarism or not proper referencing. The content of any publication or dissemination material must be approved by the Consortium before submission and it is checked to include the acknowledgment to the EU funding. The equipment that is used for the measurements during the experiments is certified and calibrate to assure the accuracy of the data measured. But the correct measurements are depending on the methodology of the experiments and the ability to repeat the experiment and to obtain the same results. For this reason, the data obtained from the experiments will be compared with previous measurements to identify the similarity to the results. Also, the results of the experiments will be circulated to the partners to assess the quality of the findings. In addition, the methodology used by each partner will be discussed in weekly based skype meetings with partners for possible corrections or omissions. 5.1 Data storage and back up during the project Each partner will be responsible to store securely in their server equipment the data produced using the archiving system described above. These local servers are secure and the drives are periodically backed up.ÂÂ   Through the development process, data may be shared on computers belonging to the partner staff. These computers are safeguarded through up to date virus and malware protection software. For sharing the data between the partners a designated secure area exists in the website. Access to this area can be done only with a username and password that has been granted to each partner from the administrator of the site. Maintenance of the datasets stored in partners server will be done in accordance to each of the partners policy. In addition, a back-up of the datasets will be held by the coordinator in a secure area in his server. 5.2 Data sharing and confidentiality Due to the novelty of the proposed method the consortium is willing to file for patents as soon as the outcome of the generated data will allow to do so. In addition the amount of the data that will be produced as can been seen from the description above will allow the partners to make several publications in high impact journals. The publications arise from the project will be open access in order to be exploit by not only the academic community by from the industry as this is the main goal of the consortium. Also, because as mentioned it is highly possible to file for patents, the consortium has agreed to open the data for sharing only after the patents have been submitted.ÂÂ   But, the data concerning any possible publications will be available to verify the findings and clarify the procedure that is described in each publication. The Consortium have decided that the datasets from the experimental measurements will be preserved and used by the partners in future research activities. Similarly, to let researchers and wider public to know more about HELENIC-REF data from public reports, open access journals and conferences will be preserved along with the necessary data for validating the published results and for researchers to compare their findings. All dissemination material will be preserved and shared as soon as possible to let the public about know about the project. The Consortium has decided to preserve the data for 5 years after the completion of the project. All data to preserved will be kept in the partners serves and will be used by them before and after the completion of the project. The maintenance of the data will by each partners responsibility. The preservation of the public data is described in Section 5.3. 5.3 Data sharing The Consortium, regarding its participation on the Open Research Data Pilot, is on favor to have open access publications. For this reason, to share the dataset from this publications Consortium is considering to use ZENODO ( https://zenodo.org ) as the data repository for the project outcomes. In this repository, all the research data that are needed to validate the open access publications will be kept, free of charge to any user. HELENIC-REF datasets are to be shared for research and training purposes that is why they will be shared under the Creative Commons Non-Commercial Share-alike license 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 ). This license enables anyone freely Share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format Adapt, remix, transform, and build upon the material With respect to the following terms Attribution, one must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made Non-commercial use Share alike (Share the data under the same license) All the dissemination data will be made available through the website and social media. In case a partner is required to share any of the confidential information, for example with manufacturers, suppliers or specialist companies, it is required to sign a non-disclosure agreement between them and after the Consortium Members are informed and have agreed. 5.4 Copyright and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) issues. Datasets are owned by the partner that generates them. Where several partners have jointly carried out work generating the datasets, they will have joint ownership of such these data. In addition, these partners can agree on a joint ownership agreement regarding the allocation and terms of exercising that joint ownership. The joint ownership results can be used by the partners for non-commercial research activities without requiring the prior consent of the others Joint Owners. The ownership of these dataset can be transferred per article 30 of the Grant Agreement. As mentioned above the public scientific datasets will be shared under the Creative Common license to protect the intellectual property of the owners against any commercial use of the shared dataset.